Published on 23 August 2021<\/p>\n
SECOND SECTION<\/p>\n
Application no. 61590\/19
\nDaham ONAT against Turkey
\nand 14 other applications
\n(see list appended)
\ncommunicated on 3 August 2021<\/p>\n
SUBJECT MATTER OF THE CASE<\/p>\n
The applications concern the termination of the applicants\u2019 employment contracts on account of their alleged links with a terrorist organisation on the basis of the simplified dismissal procedure as set out in the emergency legislative decree no. 667. During the judicial review process, the labour courts relied on the applicants\u2019 (i) previous convictions (in applications nos. 23459\/20, 23503\/20, 24081\/20, 25177\/20, 26340\/20, 29988\/20); or (ii) previous investigations which did not lead to prosecution or a final conviction (in applications nos. 61590\/19, 23504\/20, 23505\/20, 25016\/20, 26550\/20, 27873\/20, 29728\/20); (iii) and in some cases, acquittals (applications nos. 23786\/20 and 23968\/20) as relevant grounds for the termination of an employment contract under decree no. 667.<\/p>\n
The applicants complain under Article 6 \u00a7 1 of the Convention of the alleged ineffectiveness of the judicial review before the domestic courts.<\/p>\n
The applicants, except for the applicant in application no. 26550\/20, further complain under Article 8 of the Convention about the alleged stigmatisation brought upon them by their dismissal and the irreversible harm their reputation and private lives suffered.<\/p>\n
The applicants except for those in applications nos. 23459\/20, 23503\/20, 24081\/20, 25177\/20, 26340\/20 and 29988\/20 further complain under Article 6 \u00a7 2 of the Convention of a violation of the principle of the presumption of innocence on account of the absence of a conviction in respect of the criminal proceedings relied upon by the labour courts which took place prior to the failed coup of 15 July 2016.<\/p>\n
QUESTIONS TO THE PARTIES<\/strong><\/p>\n 1. In the light of the principles established in Pi\u015fkin v. Turkey (no. 33399\/18, \u00a7\u00a7 120-153, 15 December 2020), did the domestic courts carry out an effective judicial review of the applicants\u2019 dismissals in accordance with Article 6 \u00a7 1 of the Convention? In respect of applications nos. 23459\/20, 23503\/20, 24081\/20, 25177\/20, 26340\/20, 29988\/20, where the labour courts found those applicants\u2019 previous convictions to be relevant, did they give sufficient and pertinent reasons as to how that aspect \u2013 known and not objected by the employer at the time of entry into employment \u2013 could be accepted as grounds for dismissal in the absence of other factual elements?<\/p>\n 2. In respect of applications nos. 23786\/20 and 23968\/20, having regard to the absence of other factual elements relevant at the time of the termination of the contract, did the domestic courts breach the applicants\u2019 established innocence vis-\u00e0-vis the previous criminal proceedings relied on by the labour courts in respect of which the applicants had been acquitted (see, inter alia, Allen v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 25424\/09, \u00a7\u00a7 124\u2011126 ECHR 2013)?<\/p>\n 3. In respect of applications nos. 61590\/19, 23504\/20, 23505\/20, 25016\/20, 26550\/20, 27873\/20, 29728\/20, having regard to the absence of other factual elements relevant at the time of the termination of the contract, did the domestic courts breach the applicants\u2019 right to presumption of innocence given the fact that the previous investigations which predated the failed coup of 15 July 2016 had ended with a result other than a conviction (see Allen, cited above, \u00a7 94) ?<\/p>\n 4. Finally, has there been a violation of Article 8 of the Convention in respect of all applicants except for the applicant in application no. 26550\/20 (see Pi\u015fkin, cited above, \u00a7\u00a7 216-229)?<\/p>\n APPENDIX<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/tabl<\/p>\n Application no.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Case name<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Lodged on<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Applicant<\/span> Represented by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n\n 1.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Onat v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 15\/11\/2019<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Daham ONAT<\/span> Deniz I\u015eIK<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 2.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Da\u015f v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 15\/05\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u015eeyhmus DA\u015e<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 3.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Dar\u011f\u0131n v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 03\/06\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Mehmet DAR\u011eIN<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 4.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Duymak v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 03\/06\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Muhittin DUYMAK<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 5.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00d6zo\u011flu v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 03\/06\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Z\u00fclk\u00fcf \u00d6ZO\u011eLU<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 6.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 15\/05\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Kenan YILDIRIM<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 7.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00c7al\u011f\u0131n v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 29\/05\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Hak\u0131 \u00c7AL\u011eIN<\/span> Enver Erdal \u015e\u0130M\u015eEK<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 8.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Akyol v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 29\/05\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Bedri AKYOL<\/span> Enver Erdal \u015e\u0130M\u015eEK<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 9.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Bilen v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 04\/06\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Abdullah B\u0130LEN<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 10.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n K\u0131z\u0131l v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 05\/06\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Mehmet KIZIL<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 11.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Baran v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 10\/06\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Recep BARAN<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 12.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u0130laslan v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 11\/06\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Ahmet \u0130LASLAN<\/span> Merve KURHAN<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 13.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Altunta\u015f v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 28\/05\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Muhittin ALTUNTA\u015e<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 14.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Bekis v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 29\/06\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Abdullah BEKIS<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 15.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Kara v. Turkey<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n 29\/06\/2020<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Aziz KARA<\/span> Mervan Eren G\u00dcL<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n
\n \n \n \n \n \n
\nYear of Birth<\/span>
\nPlace of Residence<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1977<\/span>
\nVan<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1982<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1982<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1963<\/span>
\n\u015e\u0131rnak<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1978<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1981<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1990<\/span>
\nTunceli<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1963<\/span>
\nTunceli<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1992<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1975<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1964<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1976<\/span>
\nBatman<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1964<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1966<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n1980<\/span>
\nDiyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n