{"id":7801,"date":"2019-08-09T11:00:21","date_gmt":"2019-08-09T11:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laweuro.com\/?p=7801"},"modified":"2019-08-11T12:18:43","modified_gmt":"2019-08-11T12:18:43","slug":"2-discrimination-categories","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laweuro.com\/?p=7801","title":{"rendered":"2. Discrimination categories"},"content":{"rendered":"

Handbook on European non-discrimination law \u2013 Contents<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
EU<\/strong><\/td>\nIssues covered<\/strong><\/td>\nCoE<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Racial Equality Directive (2000\/43\/EC), Art. 2 (2) (a)<\/td>\nDirect discrimination<\/td>\nECHR, Art. 14 (prohibition of discrimination)<\/p>\n

ESC, Art. E (non-discrimination) ECtHR, Guberina v. Croatia, No. 23682\/13, 2016<\/p>\n

ECSR, CGIL v. Italy, Complaint No. 91\/2013, 2015<\/p>\n

ECtHR, Burden v. the United Kingdom [GC], No. 13378\/05, 2008<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Employment Equality Directive (2000\/78\/EC), Art. 2 (2) (a)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gender Equality Directive (recast) (2006\/54\/EC), Art. 2 (1) (a)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gender Goods and Services Directive (2004\/113\/EC), Art. 4 (1) (a)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-356\/12, Glatzel v. Freistaat Bayern, 2014<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-267\/12, Hay v. Cr\u00e9dit agricole mutuel, 2013<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-303\/06, Coleman v. Attridge Law and Steve Law [GC], 2008<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-267\/06, Maruko v. Versorgungsanstalt der deutschen B\u00fchnen [GC], 2008<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-423\/04, Richards v. Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, 2006<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-256\/01, Allonby v. Accrington and Rossendale College, 2004<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-13\/94, P v. S and Cornwall County Council, 1996<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Racial Equality Directive (2000\/43\/EC), Art. 2 (2) (b)<\/p>\n

Employment Equality Directive (2000\/78\/EC), Art. 2 (2) (b)<\/p>\n

Gender Equality Directive (recast) (2006\/54\/EC), Art. 2 (1) (b)<\/p>\n

Gender Goods and Services Directive (2004\/113\/EC), Art. 4 (1) (b)<\/p>\n

CJEU, C-83\/14, \u201cCHEZ<\/p>\n

Razpredelenie\u00a0 Bulgaria\u201d AD v. Komisia za zashtita ot diskriminatsia [GC], 2015<\/p>\n

CJEU, C-385\/11, Elbal Moreno v. INSS and TGSS, 2012<\/p>\n

CJEU, C-152\/11, Odar v. Baxter<\/p>\n

Deutschland GmbH, 2012<\/td>\n

Indirect discrimination<\/td>\nECHR, Art. 14 (prohibition of discrimination)<\/p>\n

ESC, Art. E (non-discrimination)<\/p>\n

ECSR, AEH v. France, Complaint No. 81\/2012, 2013<\/p>\n

ECtHR, D.H. and Others v. the Czech Republic [GC], No. 57325\/00, 2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

CJEU, C-443\/15, Parris v. Trinity College Dublin and Others, 2016.<\/td>\nMultiple and intersectional discrimination<\/td>\nECtHR, Carvalho Pinto de Sousa Morais v. Portugal, No. 17484\/15, 2017<\/p>\n

ECtHR, S.A.S. v. France [GC], No. 43835\/11, 2014<\/p>\n

ECtHR, B.S. v. Spain, No. 47159\/08, 2012.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Racial Equality Directive (2000\/43\/EC), Art. 2 (3) and (4)<\/p>\n

Employment Equality Directive (2000\/78\/EC), Art. 2 (3) and (4)<\/p>\n

Gender Goods and Services Directive (2004\/113\/EC), Art. 4 (3) and (4)<\/p>\n

Gender Equality Directive (recast) (2006\/54\/EC), Art. 2 (2) (a) and (b)<\/td>\n

Harassment and instruction to discriminate<\/td>\nECHR, Art. 2 (right to life), Art. 3 (prohibition of torture), Art. 9 (freedom of religion), Art. 11 (freedom of assembly and association), Art. 14 (prohibition of discrimination)<\/p>\n

ESC, Art. E (non-discrimination), Art. 26 (The right to dignity at work)<\/p>\n

ECtHR, \u0110or\u0111evi\u0107 v. Croatia, No. 41526\/10, 2012<\/p>\n

ECtHR, Catan and Others v. the Republic of Moldova and Russia [GC], Nos. 43370\/04, 18454\/06 and 8252\/05, 2012<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Charter of Fundamental Rights, Art. 23 (men and women),<\/p>\n

Art. 24 (children), Art. 25 (the elderly), Art. 26 (Persons with<\/p>\n

disabilities)<\/td>\n

Specific measures<\/td>\nECHR, Art. 14 (prohibition of discrimination), Protocol No. 12, Art. 1 (General prohibition of discrimination)<\/p>\n

ESC (Revised), Art. E<\/p>\n

ECtHR, \u00c7am v. Turkey, No. 51500\/08, 2016<\/p>\n

ECtHR, Horv\u00e1th and Kiss v. Hungary, No. 11146\/11, 2013<\/p>\n

ECSR, The Central Association of Carers in Finland v. Finland, No. 71\/2011, 2012<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Racial Equality<\/p>\n

Directive (2000\/43\/EC), Art. 5<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Employment Equality Directive<\/p>\n

(2000\/78\/EC), Art. 7<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gender Equality Directive<\/p>\n

(recast) (2006\/54\/EC), Art. 3<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gender Goods and Services<\/p>\n

Directive (2004\/113\/EC), Art. 6<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
European Parliament resolution on strengthening the fight against racism, xenophobia and<\/p>\n

hate crime (2013\/2543(RSP))<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-173\/13, Leone and Leone v. Garde des Sceaux, ministre de la Justice and Others, 17 July 2014<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-407\/98, Abrahamsson and Anderson v. Fogelqvist, 6 July 2000<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-409\/95, Marschall v. Land Nordrhein-Westfalen, 1997<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CJEU, C-450\/93, Kalanke v. Freie Hansestadt Bremen, 1995<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
European Parliament resolution on strengthening the fight against racism, xenophobia and hate crime (2013\/2543(RSP))<\/p>\n

Council Framework Decision on racism and xenophobia (2008\/913\/JHA)<\/p>\n

Victims\u2019 Rights Directive (2012\/29\/EU)<\/td>\n

Hate crime \/ Hate speech<\/td>\nECtHR, \u0160korjanec v. Croatia, 25536\/14, 2017<\/p>\n

ECtHR, Halime Kili\u00e7 v. Turkey, No. 63034\/11, 2016<\/p>\n

ECtHR, Identoba and Others v. Georgia, No. 73235\/12, 2015<\/p>\n

ECtHR, M\u2019Bala M\u2019Bala v. France<\/p>\n

(dec.), No. 25239\/13, 2015<\/p>\n

ECtHR, Delfi AS v. Estonia [GC], No. 64569\/09, 2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\nECtHR, Perin\u00e7ek v. Switzerland [GC], No. 27510\/08, 2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\nECtHR, Virabyan v. Armenia, No. 40094\/05, 2012<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Key point<\/strong><\/p>\n