CASE OF DZUNDZA AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA

Last Updated on February 1, 2024 by LawEuro

The applicants complained about their confinement in a metal cage in the courtroom during the criminal proceedings against them.

Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ confinement in a metal cage before the court during the criminal proceedings against them amounted to degrading treatment. These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention.

---

European Court of Human Rights
SECOND SECTION
CASE OF DZUNDZA AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA
(Applications nos. 26285/19 and 46 others – see appended list)
JUDGMENT
STRASBOURG
1 February 2024

This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.

In the case of Dzundza and Others v. Russia,

The European Court of Human Rights (Second Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:
Lorraine Schembri Orland, President,
Frédéric Krenc,
Davor Derenčinović, judges,
and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,

Having deliberated in private on 11 January 2024,

Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:

PROCEDURE

1. The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table.

2. The Russian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications.

THE FACTS

3. The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table.

4. The applicants complained about their confinement in a metal cage in the courtroom during the criminal proceedings against them. Some applicants also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention.

THE LAW

I. JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS

5. Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment.

II. Jurisdiction

6. The Court observes that the facts giving rise to the alleged violations of the Convention occurred prior to 16 September 2022, the date on which the Russian Federation ceased to be a party to the Convention. The Court therefore decides that it has jurisdiction to examine the present applications (see Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 40792/10 and 2 others, §§ 68‑73, 17 January 2023).

III. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLEs 3 and 13 OF THE CONVENTION on account of confinement in a metal cage in the courtroom

7. The applicants complained principally about their confinement in a metal cage in the courtroom during the criminal proceedings against them. They relied on Article 3 of the Convention, which reads as follows:

“No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.”

Some applicants also complained that they had not had an effective domestic remedy in respect of their grievance under Article 3, contrary to Article 13 of the Convention, which reads as follows:

“Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in [the] Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity.”

8. The Court notes that the applicants were kept in a metal cage in the courtroom in the context of their trial. In the leading cases of Svinarenko and Slyadnev v. Russia [GC], nos. 32541/08 and 43441/08, ECHR 2014 (extracts) and Vorontsov and Others v. Russia, nos. 59655/14 and 2 others, 31 January 2017, the Court already dealt with the issue of the use of metal cages in courtrooms and found that such a practice constituted in itself an affront to human dignity and amounted to degrading treatment prohibited by Article 3 of the Convention.

9. Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ confinement in a metal cage before the court during the criminal proceedings against them amounted to degrading treatment.

10. These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention.

11. In view of the above findings under Article 3 of the Convention, the Court considers that there is no need to deal separately with the applicants’ complaints under Article 13 of the Convention (for similar approach see Valyuzhenich v. Russia, no. 10597/13, § 27, 26 March 2019).

IV. OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW

12. Some applicants submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see the appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill‑founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that they also disclose violations of the Convention in the light of its well-established case-law (see Sergey Babushkin v. Russia, no. 5993/08, 28 November 2013, concerning inadequate conditions of post-conviction detention and the lack of an effective remedy in that respect; Idalov v. Russia [GC], no. 5826/03, §§ 103-08, 22 May 2012, and Tomov and Others v. Russia, nos. 18255/10 and 5 others, §§ 92-156, 9 April 2019, concerning inadequate conditions of transport and the lack of an effective remedy in that respect; Dirdizov v. Russia, no. 41461/10, §§ 101-11, 27 November 2012, concerning the excessive length of pre-trial detention; Gorlov and Others v. Russia, nos. 27057/06 and 2 others, 2 July 2019, concerning permanent video surveillance of detainees).

V. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION

13. Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see, in particular, Vorontsov and Others, cited above), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table.

FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY,

1. Decides to join the applications;

2. Holds that it has jurisdiction to deal with these applications as they relate to facts that took place before 16 September 2022;

3. Declares the applications admissible;

4. Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention on account of the applicants’ placement in a metal cage before the court during the criminal proceedings against them;

5. Holds that there has been a violation of the Convention as regards the other complaints raised under the well-established case-law of the Court (see the appended table);

6. Holds that it is not necessary to deal separately with the applicants’ complaints under Article 13 of the Convention related to the lack of an effective domestic remedy to complain about placement in a metal cage in courtrooms;

7. Holds

(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;

(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.

Done in English, and notified in writing on 1 February 2024, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.

Viktoriya Maradudina                    Lorraine Schembri Orland
Acting Deputy Registrar                        President

___________

APPENDIX

List of applications raising complaints under Article 3 of the Convention
(use of metal cages and/or other security arrangements in courtrooms)

No.	Application no. Date of introduction	Applicant’s name Year of birth	Representative’s name and location	Name of the court Date of the relevant judgment	Start date	End date	Other complaints under well-established case-law	Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros)[i]
1.	26285/19 06/05/2019	Aleksey Alekseyevich DZUNDZA 1977		Kirovskiy District Court of Krasnoyarsk	27/10/2018	08/11/2018		7,500
2.	26496/19 13/05/2019	Koba Shalvovich SHURGAYA 1972	Krikun Leonid Leonidovich St Petersburg	Segezha Town Court of the Karelia Republic In a courtroom Supreme Court of the Karelia Republic Video link 13/11/2018   Segezha Town Court of the Karelia Republic Video link from IK-7, the Karelia Republic 19/08/2020	30/01/2018               19/08/2020	13/11/2018               19/08/2020		7,500
3.	26648/19 06/05/2019	Ivan Anatolyevich RYDANOV 1990		Voroshilovskiy District Court of Volgograd; Volgograd Regional Court 10/04/2019	15/06/2018	10/04/2019		7,500
4.	26688/19 06/05/2019	Sergey Vasilyevich PUPENKO 1990	Prokofyeva Viktoriya Pavlovna St Petersburg	Nevskiy District Court of St Petersburg 26/03/2019	08/11/2018	26/03/2019	Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport;   Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – transport by van on a number of occasions from the detention facility to the courthouse; inadequate temperature, lack of fresh air, overcrowding; from 08/11/2018 to 26/03/2019	8,500
5.	28605/19 14/05/2019	Aleksandr Sergeyevich NESMACHNYKH 1989		Ingodinskiy District Court of Chita 24/12/2018	17/09/2018	24/12/2018		7,500
6.	28993/19 27/05/2019	Andrey Andreyevich POPOV 1996	Urlashov Aleksey Mikhaylovich St Petersburg	Gatchina Town Court of the Leningrad Region 05/04/2019	10/05/2018	05/04/2019	Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport;   Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – transport on numerous occasions from the detention facility to the courthouse from 10/05/2018 to 05/04/2019: less than 3 sq. m of personal space, transfers lasted from 1.5 to 5 hours; no hot meals on the days of the hearings	8,500
7.	29154/19 20/05/2019	Aleksandr Yuryevich BELYAKOV 1964	Urlashov Aleksey Mikhaylovich St Petersburg	St Petersburg City Court Video link from SIZO-6, St Petersburg 28/11/2018	26/11/2018	28/11/2018		7,500
8.	29410/19 23/05/2019	Artem Anatolyevich LOSEV 1990	Urlashov Aleksey Mikhaylovich St Petersburg	Kuybyshevskiy District Court of St Petersburg; Vyborg Town Court of Leningrad Region, Leningrad Regional Court. In person at courts and via video link from SIZO-3, Leningrad Region 11/01/2018	16/01/2016	21/05/2019		7,500
9.	30273/19 27/05/2019	Aleksandr Aleksandrovich BARTENEV 1980		Sysolskiy District Court of the Komi Republic	03/04/2019	07/05/2019		7,500
10.	30353/19 21/05/2019	Maksim Dzhabrailovich NURMAGOMEDOV 1980	Pavlov Anton Sergeyevich Saint Petersburg	On numerous occasions starting from 30/04/2017 before the courts of St Petersburg 26/02/2019	30/04/2017	26/02/2019		7,500
11.	30658/19 27/05/2019	Ruslan Vladimirovich VORONTSOV 1977		Leninskiy District Court of Krasnoyarsk   Krasnoyarsk Regional Court 02/12/2019   Tsentralnyy District Court of Krasnoyarsk 02/12/2020	21/08/2018     25/02/2019       13/07/2020	21/09/2020       24/08/2020	Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – numerous occasions of transport from the detention facility in Sosnovoborsk to the courthouse, starting from 21/08/2018 and on-going; several hours of transport by van; overcrowding; restricted access to toilet;   Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport	7,500
12.	31524/19 30/08/2019	Aleksey Mikhaylovich MAMROV 1987		Milkovskiy District Court of Kamchatka Region from 05/02/2019 to 18/06/2019	05/02/2019	18/06/2019		7,500
13.	31894/19 03/06/2019	Sergey Anatolyevich ZEMTSOV 1974	Petrov Roman Nikolayevich Cheboksary	Kanavinskiy District Court of Nizhniy Novgorod, Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court (by way of videoconference from the detention facility) 28/03/2019	04/05/2018	28/03/2019	Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of poor conditions of detention and inadequate conditions of transport,   Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – inadequate conditions of transport by prison van on numerous occasions between the detention facility and the courthouse in the period from 04/05/2018 to 04/02/2019; 0.3 sq. m of personal space; lack of fresh air; restricted access to toilet;   Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention after conviction – IK-11 Nizhniy Novgorod Region, detention from 22/04/2019, pending as of 16/09/2022; less than 2 sq. m of personal space; overcrowding, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of fresh air;   Art. 8 (1) – permanent video surveillance of detainees in pre-trial or post-conviction detention facilities – SIZO-1 Nizhniy Novgorod 19/02/2019-23/02/2019 in cell 15/171, opposite-sex operators	11,000
14.	33728/19 19/06/2019	Maksim Aleksandrovich MORALEV 1980	Semyanovskiy Dmitriy Aleksandrovich Astrakhan	Trusovskiy District Court of Astrakhan, Astrakhan Regional Court 14/05/2019	30/08/2018	14/05/2019		7,500
15.	34112/19 23/05/2019	Anton Ivanovich SOFRONOV 1989		Pryazhinskiy District Court of the Kareliya Republic	18/11/2018	Pending on the date when the application was lodged with the Court		7,500
16.	34944/19 09/06/2019	Ivan Viktorovich ZHEREBTSOV 1988		Syktyvkar Town Court 11/02/2019	Beginning date unknown	11/02/2019	Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic in respect of poor conditions of detention;   Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention after conviction – detention in IK-19 Komi Republic, from 04/01/2019, pending as of 16/09/2022; 2.4 sq. m of personal space; overcrowding, poor quality of food, mouldy or dirty cell, lack of fresh air, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen	16,300
17.	35714/19 27/01/2020	Arkadiy Vladimirovich LESHCHEV 1990	Sergeyeva Yelizaveta Alekseyevna Tyumen	Nefteyuganskiy District Court of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Region 09/08/2019	21/08/2018	09/08/2019		7,500
18.	35723/19 24/08/2019	Anton Yuryevich CHAKHLOV 1988		Oktyabrskiy District Court of Krasnoyarsk	18/01/2019	22/05/2019		7,500
19.	36528/19 28/06/2019	Ivan Vladimirovich KOROLEV 1982	Petrov Roman Nikolayevich Cheboksary	Pavlov Posad Town Court of the Moscow Region (metal cages during trial court hearings in person) Moscow Regional Court (from SIZO -2, Yaroslavl Region) 05/03/2019	20/04/2018	05/03/2019		7,500
20.	36939/19 25/06/2019	Omar Guramovich USOYAN 1990	Fedorkov Andrey Aleksandrovich St Petersburg	Moscow District Court of St Petersburg 25/12/2018	22/09/2015	25/12/2018	Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – transfers between courthouses and remand prisons in St Petersburg from 22/09/2015 to 18/04/2019; 0.25 sq. m; overcrowding, lack of fresh air	8,500
21.	38505/19 14/07/2019	Olga Viktorovna GORBACHEVA 1980	Kostetskiy Denis Gennadiyevich Moscow	Oktyabrskiy District Court of Tambov; Tambov Regional Court;   Video link from SIZO-1, Tambov Region 29/03/2019	18/09/2018       18/02/2019	11/02/2019       29/03/2019		7,500
22.	38820/19 08/07/2019	Akhmed Magomedrasulovich MAGOMEDOV 1990		Krasnoyarsk Region Court 10/01/2019	10/01/2019	10/01/2019		7,500
23.	41684/19 13/07/2019	Dmitriy Vladislavovich SINEV 1991	Petrov Roman Nikolayevich Cheboksary	Elektrostal Town Court of Moscow Region (hearings in person); Moscow Regional Court (video link during an appeal hearing from SIZO-1, Ivanovo Region) 19/03/2019	30/06/2017	19/03/2019		7,500
24.	43156/19 31/07/2019	Mikhail Mikhaylovich TERENTYEV 1977	Loskutov Vyacheslav Alekseyevich Moscow	North-Caucasus Circuit Military Court 31/01/2019	22/11/2018	31/01/2019		7,500
25.	44803/19 05/08/2019	Igor Nikolayevich SIGIDA 1963		Novocherkassk Town Court of the Rostov Region, Rostov Regional Court	02/11/2018	13/02/2019		7,500
26.	44876/19 30/07/2019	Sergey Viktorovich KONNOV 1980		Slavyansk-on-Kuban Town Court of the Krasnodar Region 29/03/2019	28/03/2017	29/03/2019	Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – transport on 03-05/05/2019 and 08-09/05/2019 by train; lack of an individual sleeping place; overcrowding; restricted access to toilet; poor sanitary conditions; restricted access to potable water and food; conditions of transport by van on multiple occasions between 04/04/2017 and 29/03/2019, SIZO-3 Novorossiysk – Slavyansk Town Court – SIZO-1 Krasnodar – IVS Slavyansk-on-Kuban; lack of a place to seat, overcrowding;   Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of transport	8,500
27.	45367/19 02/08/2019	Nikita Igorevich CHERNOMORETS 1990		Vakhitovskiy District Court of Kazan 17/04/2019     Supreme Court of the Republic of Tatarstan 29/05/2019	17/04/2019         29/05/2019	17/04/2019         29/05/2019	Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – from 04/04/2018 to 05/10/2021 from SIZO-1 Republic of Tatarstan to the Sovetskiy District Court of Kazan in vans (59 transfers; return trip: 5 to 6 hours) and detention in holding cells: overcrowding, no or restricted access to toilet, no food provided on the dates of the court hearings;   Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport	8,500
28.	45955/19 25/07/2019	Andrey Andreyevich ZAMOTAYEV 1996		Krasnoyarsk Regional Court	29/01/2019	07/02/2019		7,500
29.	46996/19 25/08/2019	Maksim Nikolayevich ZAGORULYA 1981	Gerasimov Valeriy Vladimirovich Minkino	Cherepovets Town Court, Vologda Regional Court; Video link from an unidentified facility 27/02/2019	12/08/2017	27/02/2019		7,500
30.	47605/19 27/08/2019	Nikolay Sergeyevich POKHORUKOV 1985	Petrov Roman Nikolayevich Cheboksary	Istra Town Court of the Moscow Region; Moscow Regional Court Video link from SIZO-1, Ivanovo Region 04/04/2019	17/08/2018	04/04/2019		7,500
31.	47622/19 04/08/2019	Aleksandr Vladimirovich SILANTYEV 1985		Kirovskiy District Court of Krasnoyarsk, Tsentralnyy District Court of Krasnoyarsk	30/08/2018	06/02/2019		7,500
32.	47913/19 05/08/2019	Dun CHEN 1985	Murashkin Igor Gennadyevich St Petersburg	Saint-Petersburg City Court; Video link from SIZO-1 in St Petersburg and Leningrad Region 08/04/2019	08/04/2019	08/04/2019		7,500
33.	48265/19 26/08/2019	Yevgeniy Aleksandrovich ANIKIYENKO 1980		Pushkinskiy Town Court of St Petersburg and St Petersburg City Court, on numerous occasions during court hearings	20/01/2017	21/03/2019	Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – transport by van on numerous occasions from the detention facility to the court houses to take part in the hearings from 20/01/2017 to 21/03/2019; overcrowding; 2-4 hours of transport; restricted access to toilet; no lighting; and poor conditions of transport between SIZO-1 of St Petersburg and IK-2 Zabaykalskiy Region during 20/04/2019-21/06/2019;   Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of poor conditions of transport	8,500
34.	48294/19 02/09/2019	Aleksey Gennadyevich KEYS 1980	Yezhov Yevgeniy Sergeyevich Velikiy Novgorod	Novgorodskiy District Court of Novgorod Region, numerous occasions 13/06/2019	16/12/2018	13/06/2019		7,500
35.	48920/19 09/08/2019	Rafail Failovich GALIKEYEV 1982	Stasyuk Olga Andreyevna St Petersburg	Petrozavodsk Town Court of the Karelia Republic, Supreme Court of Karelia (videoconference) 13/02/2019	26/10/2017	13/02/2019	Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – transport by van and train on 26/03/2019; overcrowding, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water;   Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport	8,500
36.	49568/19 07/09/2019	Ryskeldi Abdygaparovich ABDYGAPAROV 1992	Kondratyuk Yegor Ivanovich Moscow	Kuzminskiy District Court of Moscow	25/02/2019	14/08/2019		7,500
37.	49980/19 09/09/2019	Magomedsalakh Balavdiyevich ALBEKOV 1962	Isayev Ayndi Khamzatovich Krasnoyarsk	Tsentralnyy District Court of Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Regional Court 30/09/2019	15/03/2018	30/09/2019		7,500
38.	50383/19 07/09/2019	Nikita Sergeyevich NIKONOV 1986	Urlashov Aleksey Mikhaylovich St Petersburg	Nevskiy District Court of St Petersburg 15/04/2019	01/11/2018	15/04/2019	Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport;   Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – numerous occasions of transport from the detention facility to the courthouse; between 18/11/2015 and 05/06/2019; 0.3 sq. m, lack of fresh air, overcrowding, lack of hot meal during the day, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, inadequate temperature, mouldy or dirty cell, no or restricted access to toilet	8,500
39.	50544/19 13/09/2019	Marat Aukhatovich TULYAKOV 1979		Privolzhskiy Circuit Military Court 13/03/2019	03/10/2018	13/03/2019	Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – transport by a van to the courthouse on numerous occasions in the period between 03/10/2018 to 13/03/2019; lack of fresh air, lack of or insufficient natural light, overcrowding, passive smoking, no or restricted access to toilet, lack or inadequate furniture;   Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport	8,500
40.	53801/19 18/01/2020	Tikhon Aleksandrovich KOSTIN 1987	Dvizov Aleksey Vladimirovich Nyagan	Altai Regional Court Video link from SIZO, Biysk Altai Region 01/08/2019	01/08/2019	01/08/2019		7,500
41.	54101/19 04/10/2019	Anton Sergeyevich STETSENKO 1979	Markin Maksim Aleksandrovich St Petersburg	Detention in a metal cage during the trial hearings at the Sergiyev Posad Town Court 17/04/2019	01/03/2019	17/04/2019	Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – transport between the remand prison and the domestic courts on several occasions from 01/03/2019 to 17/04/2019 (overcrowding, lack of fresh air, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of or insufficient electric light, inadequate temperature, passive smoking, lack of privacy for toilet, lack or insufficient quantity of food, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water). Transport by train from 15/06/2019 to 16/06/2019 (overcrowding, insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, mouldy or dirty cell, lack of fresh air, passive smoking, no or restricted access to potable water, no or restricted access to toilet)	8,500
42.	54289/19 09/10/2019	Aydan Aleksandrovich BAZYR-SADY 1989	Pleshkov Maksim Alekseyevich Moscow	Ulug-Khemskiy District Court of the Republic of Tyva 09/04/2019	09/04/2019	09/04/2019		7,500
43.	54593/19 09/10/2019	Sergey Vitalyevich KATAYEV 1978	Pleshkov Maksim Alekseyevich Moscow	Kyzyl Town Court; Supreme Court of the Republic of Tyva 03/06/2019	18/01/2018	03/06/2019		7,500
44.	58119/19 16/10/2019	Arsen Anatolyevich YERIZHOKOV 1980	Khorikov Andrey Vladimirovich St Petersburg	Primorskiy District Court of St Petersburg and the Petrogradskiy District Court of St Petersburg, detention and trial hearings, and the appellate hearings concerning the applicant’s detention held at the St Petersburg City Court through videoconference 14/10/2019	10/09/2018	14/10/2019	Art. 13 – lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport;   Art. 3 – inadequate conditions of detention during transport – van on multiple occasions from 24/08/2018 to 14/10/2019 (overcrowding, 0.3-0.4 sq.m. per inmate, lack of fresh air, lack of heating, lack of safety belts, handcuffing during transport)	8,500
45.	58293/19 25/10/2019	Valeriy Valeryevich MOROZOV 1977	Avanesyan Aleksey Viktorovich Yekaterinburg	Pervomayskiy District Court of the Krasnodar Region, Oktyabrskiy District Court of the Krasnodar Region, Krasnodar Regional Court	06/04/2019	21/10/2019	Art. 5 (3) – excessive length of pre-trial detention – from 04/04/2019 to 19/06/2020, 1 year(s) and 2 month(s) and 16 day(s); specific defects: use of assumptions, in the absence of any evidentiary basis, of the risks of absconding or obstructing justice; failure to assess the applicant’s personal situation reducing the risks of re-offending, colluding or absconding; failure to examine the possibility of applying other measures of restraint;	8,500
46.	59391/19 06/11/2019	Konstantin Gennadyevich ANTONKIN 1969	Voronkina Anna Aleksandrovna Kemerovo	Tsentralnyy District Court of Kemerovo	01/08/2018	Proceedings pending on the date when the application was lodged with the Court		7,500
47.	60716/19 15/11/2019	Artem Aleksandrovich CHURINOV 1983	Semyanovskiy Dmitriy Aleksandrovich Astrakhan	Astrakhan Regional Court (by way of videoconference from SIZO-1 Astrakhan Region) 11/07/2019	11/07/2019	11/07/2019		7,500

[i] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.